Singular and plural

Singular Noun Definition: When a noun means one only, it is said to be singular.
Examples: boy, girl, book, church, box

Plural Noun Definition: When a noun means more than one, it is said to be plural.
Examples: boys, girls, books, churches

Rule #1
The plural of nouns is usually formed by adding - s to a singular noun.

lamp	lamps
cat	cats
fork	forks
flower	flowers
pen	pens

Exercise: Write the plural of each of these nouns

chair	star	farm
storm	door	rock
owner	paper	cup

Rule #2
Nouns ending in s, z, x, sh, and ch form the plural by adding - es.

moss	mosses
buzz	buzzes
box	boxes
dish	dishes
church	churches

Rule #3
Nouns ending in - y preceded by a consonant is formed into a plural by changing - y to - ies. Examples: lady, ladies; city, cities; army, armies

Rule #4
Nouns ending in y preceded by a vowel form their plurals by adding - s.
Example: boy, boys; day, days

Rule #5
Most nouns ending in o preceded by a consonant is formed into a plural by adding es. Example: hero; heroes; grotto, grottoes

Rule #6
Some nouns ending in f or fe are made plural by changing f or fe to - ves. Example: beef, beeves; wife, wives



IRREGULAR PLURALS

man, men	foot, feet	mouse, mice
woman, women	tooth, teeth	louse, lice
child, children	ox, oxen	goose, gees

The following nouns have no singular:

scissors	oats	tongs	dregs
trousers	pinchers	bellows	snuffers
cattle	shears	measles	mumps
victuals	tweezers	vespers

Some nouns are always singular. Some of these nouns may be used in the plural when different kinds are meant as sugars, coffees, cottons

gold	silver	wheat	corn
molasses	copper	sugar	cotton

To do exercises and see more information:
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises_list/substantiv.htm